ABSTRACT
Objective@#To study the sedative efficacy and safety of nitrous oxide (N2O ) inhalation combined with oral midazolam in children with impacted supernumerary teeth for extraction under sedation and to provide a reference for the selection of anesthetic methods for children undergoing impacted teeth extraction.@*Methods @#Sixty patients aged 5-10 years with maxillary impacted supernumerary teeth were randomly divided into three groups, with 20 in each group, as follows: the N2O group: N2O inhalation sedation before the operation; the midazolam group: oral midazolam sedation before the operation; the combination group: N2O inhalation combined with oral midazolam sedation before the operation. Sedation was performed before extraction under local anesthesia. The Ramsay sedation effect, Houpt behavioral score and incidence of adverse reactions were evaluated after the operation.@*Results@#The Ramsay sedation scale score was significantly higher in the combination group (2.75 ± 0.55) than in the N2O group (2.30 ± 0.47) and the midazolam group (2.40 ± 0.50) (P ＜0.05). Similarly, the Houpt behavioral rating scale score was significantly higher in the combination group (5.25 ± 0.64) than in the N2O group (4.70 ± 0.73) and the midazolam group (4.80 ± 0.69) (P ＜0.05). The adverse reaction rate was lower in the combination group (5%) than in the N2O group (10%) and the midazolam group (10%), but the difference was not significant (χ2=0.436, p=0.804).@*Conclusion@#N2O inhalation combined with oral midazolam sedation in the extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth in children can significantly improve the sedative and therapeutic efficacy and is a safe and effective sedation method.
ABSTRACT
Objective @#To investigate possible functional disorders of central auditory processing and language in school-age children with cleft palate through an assessment of the characteristics of the P300 and N400 event-related potentials (ERPs). @*Methods @# This study included 28 school-age children with cleft palate, aged 6 to 12 years, and 30 children without cleft palate as a control group. The P300 and N400 ERPs were selected as indexes of the central auditory processing and language functions of children in both groups. The data were statistically compared between the two groups.@*Results @#Compared with the controls, the children with cleft palate showed a significantly prolonged P300 latency (331.73 ± 14.94 ms vs. 348.64 ± 14.66 ms, P < 0.05) and a significantly decreased P300 amplitude (13.47 ± 2.24 μV vs. 12.07 ± 2.46 μV, P < 0.05). Similarly, the N400 latency of children with cleft palate was significantly prolonged compared to that of controls (431.07 ± 17.90 ms vs. 408.23 ± 18.04 ms, P < 0.05), and the N400 amplitude was significantly decreased compared to that of controls (13.75 ± 2.12 μV vs. 15.17 ± 2.34 μV, P < 0.05). @* Conclusion@#School-age children with cleft palate may have central auditory processing disorders and language dysfunctions.